Death Penalty for Children Essay

The death penalty issue has always been one of the most important issues of the contemporary system of justice. Years ago the majority of the criminals were male over 20 years old, but nowadays the situation has changed. Not only adults are sentenced but children who are under 18 years old nowadays they commit murders and other terrible crimes. However, a child is always a child and if he commits a crime it is not because he has a good life in fact, it is not the guilt of the children, they don’t have the fortune of having anybody who loves, supports and leads them in the correct direction. Under these conditions a child should never be sentenced to death because they still have a chance to change and re-evaluate their life. A child is not mentally capable of comprehending the crime he or she commits, other people can easily influence children and their psychic process is not stable yet. The majority of the negative manifestations are acquired from parent’s behavior and the child’s social environment. If the child has only aggressive and violent examples in his social environment, he won’t accept the guide of his parents or teachers then the child’s personality deforms. A child is not a criminal adult and should never be treated like that, it is more important to prevent children for committing crimes and remember that children simply reflect what the family and the society have put into their heads. Taking everything into account, children should grow up in a healthy environment with love and respect for the live of themselves and others, this is the way to prevent more crimes. Governments and society must understand that a child is reflection of a happy home, then they should start to improve their behavior to improve their homes and the world.

Buffalo ’66 (Directed by Vincent Gallo) Film Essay

Buffalo ‘66 (Directed by: Vincent Gallo) Buffalo ‘66 is Gallo’s ode to his childhood and hometown. Like most artists he writes from what he knows. Having moved to New York from an early age (around 17), for his directorial debut he went back to the city where he grew up, and even shot scenes in his real parents’ old house. Buffalo made him what he is, and still resonates deeply in him. He had enough emotional distance when he made the movie to be able to find the humor in it, but watching the movie it’s clear that his past still haunts him, â€Å"It’s an open wound†(1), as Roger Ebert describes it in his review. Spite, resentment, revenge and anger seem to fuel Gallo’s energy; they’re his motivation to create. He is infamous for his public antics, his idiosyncrasy and statements like â€Å"’I stopped painting in 1990 at the peak of my success just to deny people my beautiful paintings. And I did it out of spite.â₠¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  A one man army, nobody praises and hypes Gallo more than Gallo himself. He’s never short of bravado and macho, like a kid forever competing with everybody else to be the coolest, most hands-on and authentic. And yet in his art, his stories and songs, we see a fragile man, haunted by his past, broken by the hardships of love. He presents himself that way, his heart perennially broken and sad, looking for revenge or closure. He’s a bitter man, but he is sad in style, of course. His looks and sense of fashion and â€Å"cool† are integral to understanding what he does and where he is coming from. His cult of personality, gigantic ego and vanity inform his work a great deal; it’s his approach, what makes him different. Gallo is an artist that operates as an outsider, but looks like a rock star. He understands that to stand out, to be noticed, an artist has to create his own hype, his own legend; his persona is as much a creation as his work. Which is why he likes to keep people guessing, and building a mystery around him. Provoke people and they’ll pay attention, elaborate on your own past, make things up, and you’ll appear more interesting. Consider the scene in Buffalo ‘66 where Ben Gazzara’s character performs â€Å"Fools Rush In† for Layla (Christina Ricci). The voice we hear is actually an old recording of Vincent Gallo’s father singing the classic song. In 1998, after the release of the movie he told Village Voice journalist Jerry Talmer that he himself had recorded his father, praising his own engineering skills: â€Å"So 10 years ago,† says 36-year-old Vincent, â€Å"I’m drivin g across the country in a car with one hundred of my cassettes, and at the end of the B side of some punk-rock thing there’s this old, dirty, sun-baked tape, and I hear that â€Å"Fools Rush In† and I’m stunned at my father’s talent and my 13-year-old engineering skills. And that’s the inspiration for the whole movie†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (2) In 1992 though, he wrote an article for Sound Practices magazine where he tells a different story: â€Å"I remember my Grandma’s house. It was small and it had a smell, not a good smell or a bad smell just a certain smell. There was no TV, no radio – just this old wind up 78 machine with this big metal horn that had flowers painted on it. Underneath in a shelf, she had 9 records: three by Domenico Modugno- you know, the guy who wrote Volare, four Caruso records, and her two favorites – one by Dean Martin and one by my father singing â€Å"Fools Rush In†. Before my Pops went to prison, he was a nite club singer. He got to record one single.†(3) Wouldn’t he mention the fact that he recorded his father’s single at age 13 on an article for a DIY sound magazine if it was true? And if his grandmother was listening to it on vinyl, clearly it wasn’t a homemade recording. But even if he’s contrived, small minded and petty, he seems to be self aware enough to be able to not only talk about it straight, but to also make art out of it, and if a movie like Buffalo 66 ultimately works is because Gallo can find the humor in his own story and persona. He has to be poking fun at himself and anyone with his outrageous provocations and massive trolling. Just look at his website, where he offers himself for $50,000;(4) or his claims that he’s a republican, and that Bush is a great man. Through his work he can transcend himself and reach out to other people: â€Å"I’m clearly a small-minded person, with my own petty grievances. Hopefully, my work transcends my own petty grievances and small-minded nature. It’s best for me to remain small-minded on an emotional level and broad-minded on a conceptual level. It doesn’t matter whatever it is that makes me do my work. Neurosis, obsession, wanting people to like me, wanting my parents to feel bad for underrating me, making a lot of money, power, and social status, wanting girls to like me or just to meet one girl on a job. All of this doesn’t matter as long as the work that I do to achieve these small-minded needs is a lot more interesting than me and my reasons for making it.†(5) But if the starting point, the initial motivation to do art was revenge, he’s past that, he says: â€Å"One begins one’s adult life trying to conquer the voices and the demons and the hang-ups of one’s childhood emotional life. At a certain point for me, I became actually interested in what I was doing to take this revenge. I became more interested in the activity and the result and the objects I was making out of these motivations so I became more preoccupied with what I was doing than what he was thinking and that happened gradually. At about the age of 30 I was finally more preoccupied with my work than with what my father thought of my work. At this point I have very little interest in proving him wrong, I am more interested in the work.†(6) He is an artist who identifies himself as a working man, a â€Å"hustler†; he doesn’t want to be seen as some delicate poet: â€Å"I don’t identify myself as an artist in that way, like a pre conceived concept of what it means to be an artist. That’s what a bunch of TV actors who finally get a movie job like to think of themselves. I’ve done so many different things. I’ve done a million different things for money. I’ve done a million things to have impact into culture. I’ve done a million things for love and approval and social status. So when I said ‘I hustle’ I was trying to describe the basic premise of what motivates me to do all these different things, and it’s certainly not poetic and anybody who tells you that it is for themselves is full of shit.† â€Å"I’m not a young poet. I’m a working person.†(6) The Buffalo shown in the movie is the one Gallo remembers, the one he describes in interviews. â€Å"It’s miserable. It’s a failed city living in a delusion of grandeur. It’s a regressive unambitious fat ass city with a bunch of real pricks who are controlling things like the newspaper and things like that. Some peop le are very charming there, and I’ve banged a lot of cute girls there, but I would say that it’s an unpleasant place and it certainly has had impact into my personality hang-ups and my personality struggles.†(6) This resentment and unresolved issues with his past are all over the film. Was he looking for closure by making it? Did he find it? One of the central themes of the movie is the relationship the main character Billy Brown has with his parents. They don’t think much of his son, football is more important to his mom than his kid. She regrets having Billy, she lost a game the day she had Billy. According to Gallo, the character of the father (played by Ben Gazzara) is just like his own father.(2) Even though there’s plenty of humor in the scenes involving the parents, it’s evident that Gallo holds a great deal of resentment towards them and his whole upbringing. What is unclear though is the way he resolves it, the way he deals with it. Why would Billy Brown bother going to the lengths of kidnapping a girl and taking her home to his parents to try to impress them, when they couldn’t care less. Nothing in the movie makes much sense if you try to rationalize it, because the story is more about emotions than reason. But that’s what makes it feel urgent and alive, and how the moments of humor and fantasy make sense. We don’t get to know the other, real side of the story. Gallo went back to his hometown to make this movie, shot scenes in his own childhood house and used an old recording of his father singing. How is his relationship with his real parents, what did they think of the movie, what was it like when Gallo came home shoot it, how did that affect their relationship? What about his old neighborhood, old acquaintances, how did that all play out, and how did that ultimately affect Gallo himself? These are all questions we cannot answer, and of course you don’t have to know all the details of an artist’s personal life to understand his oeuvre, but in cases like Gallo, life and art are so intermingled that you’re always aware that you’re only seeing half the picture. He has a problem with people seeing Buffalo ‘66 as an autobiographical movie, for he feels that it takes credit away from all the work he did in it (writer, director, composer, star): â€Å"I feel that when you or anyone else refers to that film as â€Å"autobiographical† what you are really doing is creating a sense or an idea that I didn’t really write the script. It sort of wrote itself. And since I am playing myself, I’m not really acting and since I’m not really acting and the script wrote itself then the film sort of directs itself. Well, it wasn’t autobiographical, it’s a real screenplay and a real performance and a real soundtrack.†(5) He might have a point, but as a viewer it’s very difficult to separate the character of Billy Brown from the persona of Vincent Gallo, especially if you know anything about him. Billy Brown is just like the Vincent Gallo you read in interviews: jumpy, never relaxed, easily offended, perpetually at war with everybody, never hesitates to throw threats and snark, brag about his many talents or dismiss the work of others. Except of course Billy Brown is a pathetic nobody and Vincent Gallo a model and multidisciplinary artist. His movies and art are confessional, but in a very capricious way, we are always reminded that he does things his way. Everybody knows that film auteurs are the ones that do what they want and are stubborn enough to get complete control, it’s just that Vincent Gallo makes really sure you are aware of this at all times. In 2004, around the time his second movie The Brown Bunny was released in America, Gallo told Ebert that he’s an entertainer: â€Å"Film has a purpose. It’s not art. Real art is an esoteric thing done by somebody without purpose in mind. I’ve done that in my life and I’m not doing that making movies. I’m an entertainer. I love all movies. I don’t divide them up into art films, indie films.†(7) But he makes movies for himself. About himself, by himself, for himself. The obvious proof being Promises Written in Water, his third feature. Premiered in 2010 at the Venice and Toronto film festivals, it has not been showed since, and Gallo says he has no plans to release it to the public, so that it is â€Å"allowed to rest in peace, and stored without being exposed to the dark energies from the public.†(8) He was invited to screen it this year at the Whitney Biennial in New York, but he didn’t bother to show up. His movies are made from his very specific point of view, always just his. It’s all about finding sympathy for him the lead. The world revolves around him, everything transformed by his view. His female characters are concepts, fantasies, vague and elusive; we never really get to know who they are. Christina Ricci’s character in Buffalo 66 is more than willing to cooperate with him from the beginning. He doesn’t hold a gun against her, doesn’t need to use much violence (except verbally) to persuade her. By the end of the movie it’s her that’s begging him to return. It’s like Billy Brown is so used to antagonizing with everybody that he doesn’t even know how to deal with someone who actually likes him. A self-professed perfectionist, he wants to control as much as possible in his movies, equaling his directorial app roach to the carefully constructed classic Hollywood musicals: â€Å"When I made the movie, in my mind I was making a classic musical. So when Ben Gazzara sings, or when Christina Ricci does her tap dance, or in the bedroom scene where we kiss, it’s choreography. Those are musical numbers like in those old Hollywood musicals.†(2) He insisted director of photography and camera operator Lance Acord that the film be shot on 35mm reversal stock, a very rare old type of film stock that created many problems during production. Gallo got the idea from an Italian jeans commercial he had previously worked on with Acord. â€Å"The director wanted the spot to look like an old print of Jean-Luc Godard’s 1965 film Pierrot Le Fou†, recalls Acord, â€Å"With Vincent as the Belmondo character. I chose to shoot with reversal to obtain that faded look you see in older prints, while still maintaining strong saturation in the primaries.†(9) The other key visual references for the look of the film were the NFL Films feature presentation of the 1969 Jets Vs. Colts championship game, and the look of old pictures, according to Acord, â€Å"the kind you might find in a suitcase under a table at the flea market. Some were nudes of someoneâ €™s girlfriend, probably lit with Photofloods and shot on Kodachrome. The girl was reclining on an avocado couch, against a brown curtain and a dull orange rug. There is a sincerity and purity in the crudeness of the technique that somehow makes work like that very revealing and powerful. We tried to bring some of that to the movie.† As for the NFL movie, apparently Gallo was taken by his father as a kid to see its production. It was shot on high-contrast reversal Video News film, and made a strong impression on Gallo. (9) The visual components of the film include the use of the picture-in-picture technique, which consists of a small window of footage superimposed over a larger window at the same time(11) (in the beginning of the movie, after Billy is released from prison, he lays on a bench in the street while the screen fills with small windows with different scenes that show us his time in prison, and later on as he sits on the table with his parents, complimentary windows appear a couple of times to show us painful moments from Billy’s childhood); the use of Japanese filmmaker Yazujiro Ozu’s â€Å"Tatami shots† (Christina Ricci’s car plates read â€Å"OZU†(12)), in which the camera is placed at a low height, at the eye level of a person kneeling on a tatami mat, so that the audience is on the same visual level as the characters sitting, to place the viewer right into whatever conversation is going on(11) (the dinner sequence with Billy, his parents and Christina Ricci sitting at the table); and the striking 3D-like virtual pan in the moment where Billy enters the strip club and imagines killing the owner and then turning the gun on himself. Lance Acord got the idea from French director Michel Gondry, who had employed a technique where â€Å"A circular still-camera array was simultaneously triggered, â€Å"freezing† the subject from multiple angles. The resulting frames were then sequentially morphed and animated to create a virtual pan and 3-D effect†. Instead of using still cameras, Accord used a movie camera to produce the stills, moving the camera around the actors as they stood still holding their positions. Blown-glass pieces resembling splashing red liquid where attached to Gallo’s head so that they resembled blood coming out of his head to help achieve the effect of a moment frozen in time.(9) Somewhere between John Cassavetes (or that school of 60s-70s American realism) and art films, Buffalo ‘66 can feel overcrowded with visual motifs and ideas, at times style overcoming substance, but the overall mood and tone of the film are well maintained. The emotions and the urgency of Billy Brown’s character (and Gallo’s performance) feel real enough to go beyond the pose. He even has enough perspective to be able to laugh at himself. Roger Ebert argues that the movie doesn’t offer a payoff, a real resolution. â€Å"Buffalo ‘66 isn’t really about endings, anyway. Endings are about conclusions and statements, and Gallo is obviously too much in turmoil about this material to organize it into a payoff.†(1) But the movie actually ends on a positive note; he’s opting to be optimistic, embracing the possibility of love. After envisioning a fatal ending to his story, he backs out and chooses a happy ending, and that is a resolution. Bibliography 1) Ebert, Roger. â€Å"Buffalo ‘66†. Review. Chicago Sun-Times (Chicago) 7 Aug. 1998. Print/ Online. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19980807/REVIEWS/80807 0302/1023 2) Tallmer, Jerry. â€Å"Vincent Gallo and Buffalo ’66†. Interview with Vincent Gallo. New York City 1998. Online. http://www.siegelproductions.ca/filmfanatics/gallo.htm. 3) Gallo, Vincent. â€Å"Mono Mia†. Article. Sound Practices Magazine. Summer 1992. Print/Online. http://www.drowninginbrown.com/dib_sp.htm 4) Vincent Gallo’s website. http://www.vgmerchandise.com/store/home.php 5) Kaufman, Anthony. Vincent Gallo. Interview. Soma Magazine. November 2001. Print/ Online. http://www.vincentgallo.com/writing/AnthonyKaufman.html 6) Taylor, Lee. â€Å"The Cover Star: An Interview with Vincent Gallo†. Flux Magazine. UK, No.9, Oct/Nov 1998 Print/Online. http://www.galloappreciation.com/print/flux.html 7) Ebert, Roger. â€Å"The whole truth from Vincent Gallour†. Chicago Sun-Times (Chicago). August 29,2004. Print/ Online. http://www.galloappreciation.com/index2 .html 8) Lim, Dennis. â€Å"R.I.P. ‘Promises,’ It Was Nice Knowing You†. New York Times (New York Edition) June 8, 2012. Print/ Online. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/10/movies/vincent-gallo-keeps-promises-written-inwater-off-screens.html 9) Oppenheimer, Jean. â€Å"Playing a Risky Stock on Buffalo 66†. American Cinematographer. July 1998, Vol. 79 Issue 7, p32. Print/Online database Art Full Text (H.W. Wilson) 10) Video Glossary. Online. http://www.video-editing-made-easy.com/video-glossary-p.html 11) Criterion. â€Å"The Ozu Shot: Tokyo-ga and Late Spring† Criterion film essay. Online. http://www.criterion.com/current/posts/2257-the-ozu-shot-tokyo-ga-and-late-spring 12) Internet Movie Data Base. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0118789/trivia

Maeketing Plan for Batik Products

Understand the role and function of marketing in a variety of market and organizational contexts. ? Critically evaluate and utilize marketing research data and methods to a given market situation. ? Understand and apply the principles of organizational and environmental audits to inform marketing strategies, decisions and objectives. ? Develop and justify a marketing plan and mix for a given target market. You have been just appointed as International Marketing Manager by a local Sri Lankan firm that is aspiring to take the Company to the international market to take advantage of growth opportunities.Your Managing Director is also concerned about the limited growth potential of your market (Sri Lanka). Your main task, as defined by your Managing Director, is to propose an International marketing plan to enter the most potential market i. e. that offers the greatest growth potential in the next two years. Your key task Propose an International Marketing Plan to take your Company to an overseas market of your choice.Critically justify your recommendations by providing clear justification for selection of markets to enter on a priority basis. 1. You will need to conduct a critical market analysis using relevant facts and figures. You will need to quantify the market potential or potential of the overseas marketing opportunity using facts and figures. (20 marks) 2. Use Segmenting, targeting and positioning elaborate how you intend to provide competitive advantage for your brand in the overseas market of entry. (40 marks) 3.Critically elaborate how changes in the marketing environment in your chosen market of entry (relative to your home country) will affect your Company and how you recommend changing or adopting your marketing mix to take advantage of the opportunities in the selected market? (20 marks) 4. Critically provide a profitability forecast for your marketing plan. Clearly indicate implementation dates, and budget requirement to deliver on the marketing ob jectives you will set as part of your marketing plan for the next two years. (20 marks)

Managing people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

Managing people - Essay Example The most recent legislation that the country passed is the Anti-discrimination legislation that seeks to enhance equality at the work place (WOODHAMS & LUPTON 2006). For many years women have been subjected to any forms of discrimination and gender discrimination is just one of the many things that women have been discriminated against. The most prominent discrimination that ladies are subjected to include: low pay, dismissal because they are pregnant, maternity leave and related issues. Women are also more susceptible to sexual harassment at the place of work. Despite the legislations that have been passed in the country, many more women face discrimination. For example, it is estimated that 30, 000 women are discriminated against and consequently lose their jobs because of pregnancy (DURBIN & FLEETWOOD 2010). Despite all the laws and initiatives put by stakeholders to break discrimination on basis of gender, social and cultural barriers the strides are yet to achieve maximum effort. Similarly, the society is yet to break from the negative perception that women are subjected to. From the persistent discrimination directed to women it is clear that the country, like any other country that discriminated against women, cannot grow and develop to meet 100% potential since almost 50% of the population is discriminated against. However, the society through different groups such as trade unions continues to advocate for more change (SARGEANT 2009). The country has made great strides by introducing different types of laws that seek to deal with different kinds of discrimination including work related discrimination. In 1975, the country introduced Sex discrimination Act. This legislation sought to ban all kinds of discrimination on the basis of sex. Several years later the country introduced the Equalities Act of 2010. This act consolidated many laws together and in particular

Should lethal injection be considered cruel and unusual punishment Research Paper

Should lethal injection be considered cruel and unusual punishment - Research Paper Example Lethal injection is problematic in that there are bound to be problems that might cause infliction of pain, torture and lingering death. One of the reasons for this is that the procedure was invented by an individual, Fred Leuchter, who had no medical training, and invented the method by reviewing literature on the effects that the protocol had on pigs and estimated accordingly. Although these recommendations have been discredited, they still form the basis for the protocol in â€Å"the overwhelmingly majority of states that use the death penalty† a development that caused Debra Denno, author of the most comprehensive report on death penalty protocols in the United States to state â€Å"it is not clear how or why this chemical combination has persisted† (Wong, 2006, p. 269). Another of the reasons why lethal injection may be considered to be cruel and unusual punishment is because of the way that it is carried out. Lethal injections are often botched, as there have been over 30 cases of such botched executions since the death penalty was reinstated by Gregg v. Georgia (Wong, 2006, p. 264). Specifically, medical personnel, personnel that would be trained to carry out lethal injection in such a way that it would be complication-free and painless, typically does not want to carry out the punishment. Approximately 19% of medical personnel do go ahead and do this, yet these individuals are met with opposition from medical societies (Denno, 2002, p. 2). After all, they take a Hippocratical Oath that states that they are not to do any harm, and administering lethal injection would be a direct contradiction to this basic oath. Therefore,... As a consequence of the fact that medical personnel by and large are not able to participate in lethal injection protocols, there is a chance that the official who is administering the protocol will put the intravenous line into the muscle, as opposed to a vein, or the needle may become clogged. This would cause the inmate to experience extreme pain. For example, when James Autry was put to death in Texas in 1984, it took him 10 minutes to die, while he moved around and complained of pain. Moreover, because the technicians performing the protocol are inexperienced, it is sometimes difficult to find a good vein, and this is compounded when the inmate was an intravenous drug user. Such was the case with Steven Morin in Texas, who was a former heroin user, which caused the technician to have to stick Morin’s arms with needles 41 times. Crucially, lethal injection consists of three different procedures – the first is the anesthetic; the second induces paralysis; the third causes death. The first of these procedures that is the most important is the administering of the anesthetic, for this is what causes the procedure to be pain-free. If a medical personnel is not administering the anesthetic, then it stands to reason that the anesthetic might not be administered properly, which means that the prisoner may feel excruciating pain in dying. Konarias et al. sought protocol information from Texas and Virginia, as these two states constituted 45% of all death penalty cases carried out in the United States.

Foundation of Human Resources Management - annotated bibliography Essay

Foundation of Human Resources Management - annotated bibliography - Essay Example Are they redesigning their HR functions?, etc. The author goes on to show that without effective  human capital, organizations are likely to have little or no revenue. The HR function can add value by adopting a control-and-audit role. But Lawler suggests that two other roles that HRM can take on allow it to add greater value. The first is the familiar  human resources management role. The second is the role of business partner, which emphasizes developing systems and practices to ensure that a companys  human resources have the needed competencies and motivation to perform effectively. Articulated in a clear and concise prose style, the book serves as a useful overview of HR functions. This journal article by Hargis and Bradley delves into strategic aspects of HRM in upstarts. They argue that when entrepreneurs and business executives develop a business plan, they identify that a great line of products or services helps a company achieve, and sustain, a competitive advantage. They go on to cite the successful businesses such as Coyote Logistics, W.L. Gore and Associates and Zappos.com to make their case. They further suggest that successful managers also recognize the importance of efficiently managing their employees and developing their  human resources. These firms clearly linked their  human resource management  practices to their competitive business model. When business leaders are able to align a strong competitive strategy with a well designed and strategically focused  human resource system, it has the necessary foundation that brings customers in the door (or to their website) initially and gets them to come back for repeat business. The article is well written and offers key insights into the strategic role of HRM in fledgling businesses. Role theory has been used effectively by researchers in the fields of psychology, social psychology, sociology, organization behaviour, and human resource management since the early

Censorship of Textbooks in Public Schools Essay

Censorship of Textbooks in Public Schools - Essay Example Indeed, while it is perhaps a precaution to protect a child from violent images, it becomes counterproductive to protect students from educational facts that exist only to enhance their learning experiences. The greatest argument for book censorship is the fact that children should not be subjected to certain topics. Some people even go as far as to say that there are some topics that a person of any age should not be aware of (Edwards 29). School and public libraries, and even many bookstores and distributors do not carry certain books, or else put them in a section that warns potential buyers that the books contain material that is considered censor-worthy. Books ranging from The Catcher in the Rye to the beloved Harry Potter series have found themselves victims of censorship; J.D. Salinger’s acclaimed novel for its adult subject matter, and J.K. Rowling’s masterpiece due to its magical, imaginative content. In response to this argument, those against censorship feel that it should be up to a parent to decide what their children should or should not be reading. For older children and teenagers, the choice should be their own. People on the outside of a family, like school teachers or librarians, should not be influencing a child’s taste in reading because it prevents them from exploring the world through books. In regard to the censoring of textbooks, parents find it ridiculous that facts should be considered horrid enough that others have found a need to censor them at all (Sherrow 15). Information provided to students in a school setting, controlled by a teacher and a textbook, can hardly be considered dangerous to the students. When a subject is being taught in schools, it is due to the fact that the subject serves a purpose, whether as simply knowledge or to help further a child’s education. If certain information is being censored, children are being denied vital intelligence; in many cases, children are given false informatio n to make up for the lack of truth (Kravitz 147). This causes students to be misinformed, which can bring about negative impacts years down the road, like when the students are preparing for higher education. If the information they learned during their time in public schools is incorrect or else missing, these students risk falling further behind in their later studies. It should not be up to a teacher or school administration if a topic should not be covered by the school. Textbooks are written based on grade and age level, providing information that specific age groups should be taught (Brown 82). If these books pass approval as textbooks for public schools, then, upon being bought, they should be entirely implemented in the classroom. Unless the information presented in the textbook is inaccurate, there is no reason that the textbooks should be censored. They are not providing students with dangerous information or ideas, nor are they presenting students with lies or false facts . They serve the purpose of teaching children vital information. Censoring school textbooks have more negative effects than positive. In fact, many textbook writers and teachers alike are unable to find any positive effects of censoring textbooks.

Literature Review on Personalized Web Improvement

On Personalized Web Improvement - Literature review Example О Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã µÃ ºÃ'‚Ð µ Ð Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ 21.02.2017ИÃ' Ã ¿Ã'€Ð °Ã ²Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ½Ã µÃ ºÃ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ð µÃ ºÃ'‚Ð ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ð ´Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ð ² Ã' Ã'‚Ð °Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ºÃ µ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã' Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'‡Ð µÃ º Ð ¸ Ð ¾Ã'‚Ð ºÃ °Ã ·Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ¡Ã »Ã'Æ'Ð ¶Ã ±Ã ° Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ´Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã ºÃ ¸ +7 (495) 789-02-33 Ð ­Ã »Ã µÃ ºÃ'‚Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ½Ã ½Ã °Ã'  Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã'‡Ã'‚Ð ° ПÐ °Ã'€Ð ¾Ã »Ã'Å' Ð’Ð ¾Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ðâ€"Ð °Ã'€Ð µÃ ³Ã ¸Ã' Ã'‚Ã'€Ð ¸Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã'‚Ã'Å'Ã' Ã'  PRO-Ð Ã ºÃ ºÃ °Ã'Æ'Ð ½Ã'‚ Ðâ€"Ð °Ã ±Ã'‹Ð »Ã ¸ Ð ¿Ã °Ã'€Ð ¾Ã »Ã'Å'? RU ПÐ ¾Ã ´Ã °Ã'€Ð ºÃ ¸! БÐ ¸Ã'€Ð ¶Ã ° Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã'€Ð °Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ³Ã ° БÐ ¸Ã'€Ð ¶Ã ° Ã'€Ð µÃ'€Ð °Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ³Ã ° ÐÅ"Ð °Ã ³Ã °Ã ·Ã ¸Ã ½ Ã' Ã'‚Ð °Ã'‚Ð µÃ ¹ ÐÅ"Ð °Ã ³Ã °Ã ·Ã ¸Ã ½ Ð ½Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð µÃ ¹ Ð £Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ºÃ °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° ПÃ'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã µÃ'€Ð ºÃ ° Ð ¾Ã'€Ã'„Ð ¾Ã ³Ã'€Ð °Ã'„Ð ¸Ã ¸ SEO-Ð °Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¸Ã · Ð ¡Ã ¸Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã'‹ Ð º Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã'Æ' Ð £Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ºÃ °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ã' Ã °Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð ° Ð £Ã ½Ã ¸Ã ºÃ °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð ´Ã ¾Ã ºÃ'Æ'Ð ¼Ã µÃ ½Ã'‚Ð ° Ð  Ã µÃ ³Ã'Æ'Ð »Ã' Ã'€Ð ½Ã °Ã'  Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã µÃ'€Ð ºÃ ° API Ã'Æ'Ð ½Ã ¸Ã ºÃ °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ ПÐ °Ã ºÃ µÃ'‚Ã'‹ Ã' Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã ²Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² SEO-Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã'€Ð °Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ½Ã ³ Ð ¾Ã'‚ Ð »Ã'Æ'Ã'‡Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã'… Ð °Ã ²Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ², Ã'€Ð °Ã ±Ã ¾Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã'€Ð °Ã ¹Ã'‚Ð µÃ'€Ð ¾Ã ¼ Ð ½Ã ° Ð ´Ã ¾Ã ¼Ã'Æ' SEO-Ð Ã Ã Ãâ€ºÃËœÃâ€" Ð ¢Ãâ€¢ÃÅ¡Ã ¡Ã ¢Ã  The literature review "Literature Review on Personalized Web Improvement" discusses today personalised web portals. The paper also analyzes the ways that a program can offer personalisation and how to improve such a service. A personalized web portal lets them quickly check what they need and move on. There are numerous other advantages to the end user, of course. The issue is that there is an inherent tension between personalization and security (Lee and Cranage, 2010). As information becomes personalized, particularly if that information has to be stored on a remote server (like Google), the risk of someone's private data being stolen increases tremendously. If these portals end up governing the entire way that people surf the Net and use electronic services, then they become immensely valuable for marketers, spammers, hackers and phishers. As noted, the most common personalized web services are portals or applications that govern the way one relates to the Internet based on user input. Facebook, for example, is a modular system: It has its core functionality that can be changed according to the individual need of the user, particularly in terms of what information is being shared and what social networking features one uses, and then first and third-party applications can be installed to allow more interaction. Facebook can include news or stocks tickers, games, etc. Of course, Facebook's recent problems with privacy management also show some of the problems with these approaches (Vascellaro, 2010). The literature review "Literature Review on Personalized Web Improvement" discusses today personalised web portals. The paper also analyzes the ways that a program can offer personalisation and how to improve such a service. A personalized web portal lets them quickly check what they need and move on. There are numerous other advantages to the end user, of course. The issue is that there is an inherent tension between personalization and security (Lee and Cranage, 2010). As information becomes personalized, particularly if that information has to be stored on a remote server (like Google), the risk of someone's private data being stolen increases tremendously. If these portals end up governing the entire way that people surf the Net and use electronic services, then they become immensely valuable for marketers, spammers, hackers and phishers. As noted, the most common personalized web services are portals or applications that govern the way one relates to the Internet based on user input. Facebook, for example, is a modular system: It has its core functionality that can be changed according to the individual need of the user, particularly in terms of what information is being shared and what social networking features one uses, and then first and third-party applications can be installed to allow more interaction. Facebook can include news or stocks tickers, games, etc. Of course, Facebook's recent problems with privacy management also show some of the problems with these approaches (Vascellaro, 2010). Ð’Ã' Ã µÃ ³Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã ²Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²: 1527 БÐ µÃ · Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ±Ã µÃ »Ã ¾Ã ²: 1290 КÐ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¾ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²: 240 ПÃ'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã µÃ'€Ð ¸Ã'‚Ã'Å' SEO-Ð ´Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð µ ОÐ ¿Ã ¸Ã' Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ ОÐ ¿Ã ¸Ã' Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ã' Ã µÃ'€Ð ²Ã ¸Ã' Ã ° SEO-Ð °Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¸Ã · Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ¾Ã'‚ TEXT.RU - Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾ Ã'Æ'Ð ½Ã ¸Ã ºÃ °Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ã' Ã µÃ'€Ð ²Ã ¸Ã' , Ð ½Ã µ Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã µÃ'ŽÃ'‰Ð ¸Ã ¹ Ð °Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¾Ã ². Ð’Ð ¾Ã ·Ã ¼Ã ¾Ã ¶Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ´Ã' Ã ²Ã µÃ'‚Ð ºÃ ¸  «Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'‹Â », Ð ·Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ¹ Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ·Ã ²Ã ¾Ã »Ã' Ã µÃ'‚ Ã' Ã ´Ã µÃ »Ã °Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð °Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¸Ã · Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ¸Ã ½Ã'‚Ð µÃ'€Ð °Ã ºÃ'‚Ð ¸Ã ²Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¼ Ð ¸ Ð »Ã µÃ ³Ã ºÃ ¸Ã ¼ Ð ´Ã »Ã'  Ð ²Ã ¾Ã' Ã ¿Ã'€Ð ¸Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã' . SEO-Ð °Ã ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¸Ã · Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ²Ã ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð °Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ² Ã' Ã µÃ ±Ã' : âÅ"” Ð ¡Ã'‡Ð µÃ'‚Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã º Ã' Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã ²Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ², Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ´Ã' Ã'‡Ð µÃ'‚ Ð ºÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ° Ð ·Ã ½Ã °Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ² Ð ¸ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ð ¾Ã ½Ã »Ã °Ã ¹Ã ½ Ð ¡ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ¼Ã ¾Ã'‰Ã'Å'Ã'Ž Ð ´Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¾ Ð ¾Ã ½Ã »Ã °Ã ¹Ã ½-Ã' Ã µÃ'€Ð ²Ã ¸Ã' Ã ° Ð ¼Ã ¾Ã ¶Ã ½Ã ¾ Ð ¾Ã ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã µÃ »Ã ¸Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã' Ã »Ã ¾ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ, Ð ° Ã'‚Ð °Ã ºÃ ¶Ã µ Ð ºÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ¸Ã ¼Ã ²Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ã'  Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ±Ã µÃ »Ã °Ã ¼Ã ¸ Ð ¸ Ð ±Ã µÃ · Ð ½Ã ¸Ã'…. âÅ"” ОÐ ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã µÃ »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ¹ Ð ¸ Ã' Ã µÃ ¼Ã °Ã ½Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ³Ã ¾ Ã' Ã ´Ã'€Ð ° Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° Ð’Ð ¾Ã ·Ã ¼Ã ¾Ã ¶Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð ½Ã °Ã'…Ð ¾Ã ¶Ã ´Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã'  Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ¸Ã' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ¹ Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ð ¸ Ð ¾Ã ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã µÃ »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã'  Ð ¸Ã'… Ð ºÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ° Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã »Ã µÃ ·Ã ½Ã ° Ð ºÃ °Ã º Ð ´Ã »Ã'  Ð ½Ã °Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã' Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã'  Ð ½Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¾ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð °, Ã'‚Ð °Ã º Ð ¸ Ð ´Ã »Ã'  Ð ¾Ã ¿Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã ·Ã °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã ¸ Ã'Æ'Ð ¶Ã µ Ã' Ã'Æ'Ã'‰Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã'Æ'Ã'ŽÃ'‰Ð µÃ ³Ã ¾. Ð  Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ¶Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð ³Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ¿Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼ Ð ¸ Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ã'‡Ð °Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã'‚Ð µ Ã' Ã ´Ã µÃ »Ã °Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ½Ã °Ã ²Ã ¸Ã ³Ã °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã'Ž Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð °Ã ¼ Ã'Æ'Ð ´Ã ¾Ã ±Ã ½Ã ¾Ã ¹ Ð ¸ Ð ±Ã'‹Ã' Ã'‚Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ¹. Ð ¡Ã µÃ'€Ð ²Ã ¸Ã'  Ã'‚Ð °Ã ºÃ ¶Ã µ Ð ½Ã °Ã  ¹Ã ´Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ¸ Ð ¼Ã ¾Ã'€Ã'„Ð ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã ºÃ ¸Ã µ Ð ²Ã °Ã'€Ð ¸Ã °Ã ½Ã'‚Ã'‹ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ¹, Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã'€Ã'‹Ð µ Ð ²Ã'‹Ð ´Ã µÃ »Ã' Ã'‚Ã' Ã'  Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¸ Ð ½Ã °Ã ¶Ã °Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¸ Ð ½Ã ° Ð ½Ã'Æ'Ð ¶Ã ½Ã ¾Ã µ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾. âÅ"” ОÐ ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã µÃ »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'†Ð µÃ ½Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° ДÐ °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ¿Ã °Ã'€Ð °Ã ¼Ã µÃ'‚Ã'€ Ð ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ±Ã'€Ð °Ã ¶Ã °Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'†Ð µÃ ½Ã'‚ Ð ½Ã °Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã'  Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ¿-Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ², Ã'„Ã'€Ð °Ã ·Ã µÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¾Ã ³Ã ¸Ã ·Ã ¼Ã ¾Ã ², Ð ° Ã'‚Ð °Ã ºÃ ¶Ã µ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã µÃ' Ã ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ð ¾Ã ±Ã ¾Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ², Ã'„Ã'€Ð °Ã ·, Ã' Ã ¾Ã µÃ ´Ã ¸Ã ½Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð µÃ »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ², Ã' Ã ²Ã »Ã' Ã'ŽÃ'‰Ð ¸Ã'…Ã' Ã'  Ð ½Ã µ Ð ·Ã ½Ã °Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã'‹Ð ¼Ã ¸ Ð ¸ Ð ½Ã µ Ð ½Ã µÃ' Ã'Æ'Ã'‰Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã ¸ Ã' Ã ¼Ã'‹Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ¹ Ð ½Ã °Ã ³Ã'€Ã'Æ'Ð ·Ã ºÃ ¸. Ð Ã µÃ ±Ã ¾Ã »Ã'Å'Ã'ˆÐ ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã ¾Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ  «Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'‹Â » Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ã' Ã ²Ã »Ã' Ã µÃ'‚Ã' Ã'  Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¼ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ºÃ °Ã ·Ã °Ã'‚Ð µÃ »Ã µÃ ¼, Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¸ Ã' Ã '‚Ð ¾Ã ¼: Ð ´Ã ¾ 15% - Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã ¾Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ  «Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'‹Â » Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ; Ð ¾Ã'‚ 15% Ð ´Ã ¾ 30% - Ð ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ã'ˆÐ µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã ¾Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ  «Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'‹Â » Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ; Ð ±Ã ¾Ã »Ã'Å'Ã'ˆÐ µ 30% - Ð ²Ã'‹Ã' Ã ¾Ã ºÃ ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã ¾Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ  «Ã ²Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'‹Â » Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ. âÅ"” ОÐ ¿Ã'€Ð µÃ ´Ã µÃ »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'†Ð µÃ ½Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ·Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° ПÃ'€Ð ¾Ã'†Ð µÃ ½Ã'‚ Ð ·Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð ° Ð ¾Ã'‚Ã'€Ð °Ã ¶Ã °Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ºÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¾ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ¸Ã' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ. Ð §Ã µÃ ¼ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã »Ã'Å'Ã'ˆÐ µ Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ², Ã'‚Ð µÃ ¼ Ð ²Ã'‹Ã'ˆÐ µ Ð µÃ ³Ã ¾ Ð ·Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ã'Å': Ð ´Ã ¾ 30% - Ð ¾Ã'‚Ã' Ã'Æ'Ã'‚Ã' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ¸Ã »Ã ¸ Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã ¾Ã µ Ã' Ã ¾Ã ´Ã µÃ'€Ð ¶Ã °Ã ½Ã ¸Ã µ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ; Ð ¾Ã'‚ 30% Ð ´Ã ¾ 60% - SEO-Ð ¾Ã ¿Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã ·Ã ¸Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚. Ð’ Ð ±Ã ¾Ã »Ã'Å'Ã'ˆÐ ¸Ã ½Ã' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã µ Ã' Ã »Ã'Æ'Ã'‡Ð °Ã µÃ ² Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ¸Ã' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ²Ã'‹Ð µ Ã' Ã ¸Ã' Ã'‚Ð µÃ ¼Ã'‹ Ã' Ã'‡Ð ¸Ã'‚Ð °Ã'ŽÃ'‚ Ð ´Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚ Ã'€Ð µÃ »Ã µÃ ²Ã °Ã ½Ã'‚Ð ½Ã'‹Ð ¼ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ð ¼ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã ¼, Ð ºÃ ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã'€Ã'‹Ð µ Ã'Æ'Ð ºÃ °Ã ·Ã °Ã ½Ã'‹ Ð ² Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚Ð µ. Ð ¾Ã'‚ 60% - Ã' Ã ¸Ã »Ã'Å'Ð ½Ã ¾ Ð ¾Ã ¿Ã'‚Ð ¸Ã ¼Ã ¸Ã ·Ã ¸Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ¸Ã »Ã ¸ Ð ·Ã °Ã' Ã ¿Ã °Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ºÃ »Ã'ŽÃ'‡Ð µÃ ²Ã'‹Ð ¼Ã ¸ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ²Ã °Ã ¼Ã ¸ Ã'‚Ð µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚. âÅ"” ПÐ ¾Ã ¸Ã' Ã º Ã' Ã ¼Ã µÃ'ˆÐ °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ¸Ã »Ã ¸ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ² Ð ² Ã'€Ð °Ã ·Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ã'€Ð °Ã' Ã ºÃ »Ã °Ã ´Ã ºÃ °Ã'… Ð ºÃ »Ã °Ã ²Ã ¸Ã °Ã'‚Ã'Æ'Ã'€Ã'‹ ДÐ °Ã ½Ã ½Ã'‹Ð ¹ Ð ¿Ã °Ã'€Ð °Ã ¼Ã µÃ'‚Ã'€ Ð ¿Ã ¾Ã ºÃ °Ã ·Ã'‹Ð ²Ã °Ã µÃ'‚ Ð ºÃ ¾Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ' Ã'‚Ð ²Ã ¾ Ã' Ã »Ã ¾Ã ², Ã' Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã' Ã'‰Ð ¸Ã'… Ð ¸Ã · Ð ±Ã'Æ'Ð ºÃ ² Ã'€Ð °Ã ·Ã »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð ½Ã'‹Ã'… Ð °Ã »Ã'„Ð °Ã ²Ã ¸Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ². 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ПÐ ¾Ã ´Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ±Ã ½Ã µÃ µ Ð ² API-Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã ²Ã µÃ'€Ð ºÃ µ. Ð Ã ° Ð ³Ã »Ã °Ã ²Ã ½Ã'Æ'Ã'Ž О Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã µÃ ºÃ'‚Ð µ Ð Ã ¾Ã ²Ã ¾Ã' Ã'‚Ð ¸ FAQ Ð £Ã ²Ã µÃ ´Ã ¾Ã ¼Ã »Ã µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã'   © 2017 ООО Â «Ã ¢Ã µÃ ºÃ' Ã'‚ » Ðâ€"Ð °Ã'€Ð °Ã ±Ã ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã º Ð ·Ã ° Ã'€Ð µÃ ºÃ ¾Ã ¼Ã µÃ ½Ã ´Ã °Ã'†Ð ¸Ã ¸ Ã' Ã µÃ'€Ð ²Ã ¸Ã' Ã °! But there are innumerable other, more specialised, personalised web services. Pl@nteInfo is an agricultural and crop management personalised system (Jensen et al, 2000). â€Å"[T]he farmer and adviser subscribers are very dedicated users. Both the activity patterns and the preferences of subjects in the system are significantly different between these subscriber types, with farmers generally searching specific advice and advisors using the system to keep their knowledge up-to-date† (Jensen et al, 2000). Similarly, RecOrgSeed has real potential to advance democracy in the agricultural domain and help recommend organic seeds to growers (Markellos et al, 2009). In fact, one of the major advantages of personalised web services is the increasing array of options provided to businesses. TV listing services are likely to be increasingly popular in the digital age. â€Å"The Internet has brought unprecedented access to vast quantities of information. However, in recent times, the pr oblem of information overload has become more and more marked, and we are now reaching a point where it is becoming increasingly difficult to locate the right information at the right time† (Smyth and Cotter, 2005). Personalised webs are thus designed

German and german class paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

German and german class - Term Paper Example German health care system is considered one of the finest not only in Europe but also around the world. Hospitals in Germany continue to lead the industry where patients from Eastern Europe, Gulf and Arab nations seek medical care from this country. Germany’s hospitals became the primary choice in health travel because of high level of medical care and technical advances (www.health-tourism.com, Medical Tourism to Germany). Hospitals in Germany by law need to undergo surveillance programs under government supervision. Certifications and accreditations such from DIN or Deutsches Institut fr Normung, TEMOS or Telemedicine for the Mobile Society, and KTQ-GmBH or Cooperation for Quality and Transparency in Health Care must be complied (www.health-tourism.com, Medical Tourism to Germany). Aside from acquiring accreditations and certificates from German Institute for Standardization, physicians undergo strict and thorough training before they can practice. Even when they were still medical students, they underwent basic preliminary scientific study and hands-on clinical study. It will take 5 to 7 years for them to finish their desired specialization which is followed by another examination before they can practice. However, even with this intensive study, Germany still has higher average number of physician than USA and Canada with an average of 368 physicians per 100,000 residents (www.health-tourism.com, Medical Tourism to Germany). Saudi Arabia is also noted for having excellent medical facilities. One of the largest hospitals in Middle East is King Fahd Medical City. This hospital is known to have fine obstetric gynaecological and paediatric departments. When it comes to eye hospitals, one of the best in the world is the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (www.expatfocus.com, Saudi Arabia-Health Care and Medical Treatment). Saudi Arabia committed to improving medical health treatment for

Holden Caulfield from The Catcher in The Rye Essay Example for Free

Holden Caulfield from The Catcher in The Rye Essay The Catcher in the Rye the reader can see the world through his eyes as he is the one narrating the story in first person. Holden is a young teenager, the age of sixteen who is emotionally disturbed and confused boy who is entering the journey of adulthood. Holden is a typical teenager who is rather irritated and disgusted by the society that surrounds him. To me he comes across as a witty individual because of the way he makes fun of, as he likes to call it the phony people in society he comes across with in the novel. He is from a family formed of two parents who seem to be quite wealthy, as they live in an expensive part of New York most people have to be wealthy to live in New York. Holden also was two bothers, D.B. and Allie, Allie whom is dead at the age of thirteen and he has a younger sister Phoebe. During the novel we discover that Holden is rather depressed young man because of his past, with the death of his brother and the failings of his grades in the recent schools he has attended to, he has become unhappy which leads him to have a breakdown. It seems that Holden is very dissatisfied with life and has never had any help during his time of confusion so I figure he is rather week and in some parts of the novel he feels like committing suicide. Holden has a huge sense of moral values, which often seems to interfere with other peoples loss of values. Because of other peoples values he gets frustrated and thinks people are phony. Holden seems to be a rather mean person as you read his feelings and how he feels towards people but it is only what he thinks. When Holden does something wrong he feels really guilty about his behavior and it often eats him up inside. Like the time when he went out with Sally Hayes and he calls her a pain in the ass when she refuses to run away with him, after he feels really guilty and can barely stop thinking about it. He is also a person who cant get things out of his mind when things bother him like when Ward Stradlater goes out with his old girlfriend Jane Gallagher; throughout the novel he thinks about it a lot and wonders how the date went. Holden hates the movies and loves books. Holden behavior while he is in New York going to bars and meeting women he acts like a adult by smoking and drinking, but he is very critical to others that live that kind of lifestyle. It would be rather hard to see myself as Holden or even acting like him even for a day because Im very different from him and Im not as critical towards people as he is. I think it would be difficult to be friends with him because I would always be wondering what he is thinking about me and usually when he does think of someone it is always in a negative way. But still it was easy to identify him because I have friends that are sort of like him and they act the same way.

Financial regulation in United Kingdom

Financial regulation in United Kingdom Introduction What policy-maker should do to improve the system of financial regulation to achieve its objectives more effectively becomes a hot topic especially after the financial crisis 2008. More and more people begin to pay attention to financial regulation. According to a survey from FSA in 2009, the spontaneous awareness of financial regulation amongst people living in Great Britain aged 16 was 21% and it is the highest level since the survey began[1]. This essay will analyse financial regulation in United Kingdom into three perspectives; the first part will explain how the system of financial regulation operates in the United Kingdom. Then, the reasons why financial services industry should be supervised by regulation such as FSA, and new challenges in this system in response to the financial crisis 2008 will be discussed in second part, final part will be some problems with the current system in my point of view to better protect the economy and consumer. The financial regulation system in United Kingdom First of all, a brief review of the history in the late 20th century of financial regulation system in United Kingdom may be necessary and useful to establish a better background and deeper understanding. Londons financial district is known as The City for many years, until the end of 1970s there was no specific banking law in the UK, however, prompted by the secondary banking crisis in 1972, the Banking Act 1979 was promulgated and assigned formal responsibility for supervision of the UK banks (Heffernan 2007)[2]. The evolution of the UKs financial sector since the early 1980s can be thought of as the gradual confluence of three previously quite separate streams. These are the primary banking sector, monitored and supervised by the Bank of England; the organized markets in the City, and the rest of the financial sector, including building societies and insurance companies and licensed securities dealers, each of these steams exhibited significant differences in the style and nature of regulation, especially in the balance between statutory and self-regulation(Blair)[3]. As the consequence of the Stock Exchanges Big Bang, which means a series of financial reforms to encourage greater competition, the aim of Financial Services Act (1986) was to protect investors. One year after, the Bank Act 1987 was amended to the Banking Act 1979, this Act established a new Board of Bank Supervision, which assists the Bank of England in regulating other banks. The closure of BCCI (1991) and the bankruptcy of Barings (1995) exposed the problems of the supervisory abilities of the Bank of England and the drawbacks of the self-regulation (Heffernan, 2007)[4]. On 20 May 1997, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced the reform of financial services regulation. In this resolution, banking supervision and investment services regulation were merged into the Securities and Investments Board (SIB), which changed its name to the Financial Services Authority in October 1997. Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 made the FSA became the sole regulator of all United Kingdom financial institutions. Since that time, FSA took the responsibility for all aspects of financial regulation progressively. According to the Financial Services and Markets Act, several other organisations responsibilities were transferred to the FSA, such as Building Societies Commission, Friendly Societies Commission, and Investment Management Regulatory Organisation. FSA superv ises the financial services industry as an independent non-governmental body, given statutory powers by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000; We are a company limited by guarantee and financed by the financial services industry. The Treasury appoints the FSA Board, which currently consists of a Chairman, a Chief Executive Officer, two Managing Directors, and ten non-executive directors (including a lead non-executive member, the Deputy Chairman). This Board sets our overall policy, but day-to-day decisions and management of the staff are the responsibility of the Executive. FSA has four statutory objectives, maintaining confidence in the financial system, promoting public understanding of the financial system, securing the appropriate degree of protection for consumers; and reducing the extent to which it is possible for a business to be used for a purpose connected with financial crime (FSA, 2005)[5]. According to Heffernan (2007)[6], FSA tries to make a balance between risk and competition. RTO (risk to our objectives) approach is used widely to manage the risk in firms that supervised by the FSA (except the telecommunications and utilities sectors, etc), RTO also gives a score of probability of a certain firm to be a target for preventing the FSA from achieving its four statutory objectives. The score is easily calculated through: Impact score = (impact of the problem) * (probability of the problem arising) Each firm will be scored from A (very high risk) to D (low risk), and the score will also indicate the strength of supervision that FSA implements in a firm. Being a member of EU, UK financial regulation is influenced by EUs regulation in financial service industry, which is Financial Service Action Plan. An article named The EU Financial Services Action Plan: A Guide[7](2003), which prepared by HM Treasure, the Financial Services Authority and the Bank of England, introduced that UK financial law was effectively determined by the FSAP. It means that any UK financial regulation should not be conflict contradictory, and the UK authorities should be keen to ensure that the UK financial sector, corporate sector and consumer groups are consulted on, and fully understand the impact of, FSAP measures. European Commission uses FSAP to improve EU financial markets to be a Single Market, FSAP aims to fill gaps and eliminate remaining barriers among all EU members. Furthermore, in order to make EU financial services worked more effectively, Lamfalussy process was launched by EU Committee. It is a four-level, regulatory approach for adoption. Trying to consider the relationship between FSA and FSAP, the article also addressed that the FSA not only has extreme influence in UKs financial services, but also make its own contributions in EU, HM Treasury, the FSA and the Bank play key roles in identifying, influencing, promoting and overseeing the UKs interests in financial services in the EU. Promoting public understanding of the financial system and ensuring an appropriate degree of protection for consumers are objectives of FSA which also inform in EU. Why we need financial services industry to be regulated A brief history of UK financial regulation, which was introduced at the beginning of this article, may be a part of the whole picture. However, there are other extremely important reasons that hastened the coming of a type of financial regulation represented by FSA. At first, it is still necessary to review an important feature, which is self-regulation, in the development of the FSA. Self-regulation has proved to be an effective and reasonably efficient system for the British securities industry until very recently[8] (Rider). However, just like the historical review that illustrated above, with the upward rising of scandals and the dramatic change in security market, the foundation of the monopoly of self-regulation mechanism was challenged before the emergence of the super-regulator. Although FSA 1986 seemed that make a balance between statutory framework and self-regulation, the financial regulation system was still largely depended on self-regulation. The issue of mis-selling pensions has the most impact to make the government to make the final decision to end the self-regulation. Public confidence was significantly lost in personal pensions at that time and the truth that SIB lack adequate enforcement powers to take regulatory actions prec ipitated the process of giving financial service industry a statutory regulation system. After FSMA 2000, FSAs enforcement is safeguarded and the whole financial system in United Kingdom has leaned to be supervised in statutory way rather than self-regulated. The economic rationale for regulation will be examined as follow. According to an article, The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation[9], written by David Llewelyn (1999), he analyses several reasons why there is a demand for a systematic regulation in economic world. Firstly, there are potential systemic risks in financial industry especially in banking industry. The main systemic risk is bank run, and worse still; this can leads to a solvent bank becoming insolvent since the limitation of most bank assets to be marketable, and due to asymmetric information problems, bank assets cannot be sold at par as potential buyers, these will add a high risk premium in the purchase price. Therefore, for the sake of depositors and banking institutions, a type for regulation on the bases of systemic risk is necessary. Secondly, market is not perfectly competitive. The main reason of market imperfection is that not all the investors can get adequate information of a certain market which they are engaging in, and this will impose costs on the consumer. Consequently, regulation plays a significant role to make sure the process of information disclosure and reinforce an effective market environment. In the article, he also explained the economies of scale in monitoring. Because of the nature of financial contracts between financial firms and their customers there is a need for continuous monitoring of the behaviour of financial firms. Regulatory agencies should monitor the financial firms in the name of consumers, since regulatory agencies are more effective and cost less in monitoring financial firms. After financial crisis 2008 Almost all of the financial regulation agency aim to maintain the stability of the financial market and consumers confidence; however, the change of real market circumstance seems faster than policy-makers precautionary measures. According to a speech, The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation[10] from Adair Turner, the Chairman of the FSA, he explained the main reason why this extreme crisis happened is the interaction between macroeconomic imbalances and the fast development in financial market which happened last ten years. In his speech, since the decline of the real risk free rates of interest, such as government bonds, credit extension was got a chance of dramatic growth especially in residential industry with deteriorated credit standards. Moreover, a desire to find a substitute for government bonds among investors who want to gain as much as possible spread above the risk-free rate was exploded. Sophisticated investment banks created a new kind of securitized credit instruments and it boomed so quickly, but unfortunately, like Lord Turner said: Not all innovation is equally useful, it collapsed since the investors became irrational. To reduce the adverse impact in economy, rebuild th e investor confidence and avoid future crisis, he pointed several strategies that regulators may concentrate on improving the regulation system. He argued that financial system should modify originate and distribute model which refer to securitized credit model easier to be understood, and more transparent to end investors. He also suggested that a new regime for capital adequacy and liquidity is necessary to lower the possibility of future crisis. In the end of his speech, he emphasized that financial regulation should always ensure that financial activities are regulated on the basis of their economic substance instead of their legal form. In the Turner Review[11] published by FSA in March 2009, there are more specific approaches about banking supervision that FSA plans to change and introduce. All the recommends can be highly summarized to be seven key measures as follow: Increasing the quantity and quality of bank capital. Significant increases in trading book capital: and the need for fundamental review. Avoiding procyclicality in Basel 2 implementation. Creating counter-cyclical capital buffers. Offsetting procyclicaality in published accounts. A gross leverage ratio backstop. Containing liquidity risks: in individual banks and at the systemic level. (FSA, 2009) After the financial crisis happened, FSA has been undertaking massive actions to improve regulation system. For example, according to FSA Annual Report 2008/09[12], the Banking Act 2009 is mainly able to resolve default problem and strengthen financial stability; as a result, a new bank insolvency procedure was introduced. A statement from FSA about Banking Act 2009 from FSA in July 2009 claimed that the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) can not only pay compensation to eligible customers of a financial firm if that firm including deposit takers is unable, or likely to be unable, to pay claims against it but also can also be required to contribute to the costs arising from the actions taken under the SRR.[13] In addition, FSA increased the general depositor protection limit from  £35,000 to  £50,000 per person per deposit-taking institution which will cover most of retail deposits in October 2008. In the aspect of supervising firms capital adequacy, FSA made efforts to let firms which have most impact know essential controls and standards by Dear CEO letter. Closely cooperated with EU and global regulation, FSA played an important role in G20 London Summit in April 2009, which focused on the future priorities for global financial regulation, and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Many recommendations, which became detailed international agreements, were from FSA. According to FSA Business Plan 2009/10[14], the FSA will intensively focus on the competence of Significant Influence Functions (SIF) individuals in high-impact firms. The Plan announced five core improvements that FSA will be focus on, which included an upgraded Training and Competence (TC) scheme for relationship-management supervisors, a new tenure policy (it will provide a framework for the minimum and maximum time a supervisor should manage a firm). My view in current UKs financial supervisory system During the accumulation of the knowledge of the history about the development of UKs financial regulation and the causes of financial crisis 2008, I find it is a process that the financial regulation continuously suits the changeable financial services industry, financial regulations solutions seem behind a certain innovations in financial market which has already begun cause negative effects in the whole economy. Financial crisis 2008 is evidence to prove that if financial regulation does not detect potential problems in a certain financial innovation and does not make adjustment promptly, a new crisis would be inevitably and it would cost a lot to correct the system along the right track. Therefore, an important lesson from crisis 2008 is financial regulation should always pay close attention to the moving direction of the market and fully analyses a financial innovation. A suggestion in my point of view is that financial regulation may has legislative to investigate and estimate p otential risk within a new financial product before it begin it to sell, and this procedure may require close cooperation with related financial institution. On the other hand, financial crisis 2008 make regulators intensively focus on risk-based analysis especially in banking or like-banking institutions, but it should not equal to discourage financial innovation. Almost all the financial derivatives contain risk, while, as long as regulators estimate it appropriately, these new financial products that contained huge intelligence can benefit consumers. Conclusion Being a single financial regulator in United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority has powers which was given by Financial Services and Market Act (FSMA) to supervise Britain financial industry. Demand for such kind of regulation can be observed in history and economic perspectives. Financial crisis 2008 as a prelude to FSA reinforces its system, supervision in banking industry become more intensively. The crisis also gave regulators a lesson that it is necessary to establish a balance between surpluses and deficits on the global level in the long-term, in addition, prudential analysis should be in a more effective way in order to reduce systematic risk. Finally, not just FSA, but all the other financial regulations should cooperate closely to build a more stable global financial system and avoid future crisis. Word Count: 2564/2500 Reference: Consumer awareness of the FSA and financial regulation, Consumer Research 80, FSA, 2009 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp.200-242 Blair et al, Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, pp. 1-16 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 231-232 FSA, 2005, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/Who/History/index.shtml Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 235-237 THE EU FINANCIAL SERVICES ACTION PLAN: A GUIDE, 31 July 2003, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/fsap_guide.pdf Rider, Abrams and Ashe, Guide to Financial Services Regulation, pp. 1-26 The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation, FSA Occasional Paper Series 1, April 1999, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/occpapers/OP01.pdf The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation, Speech by Adair Turner, The Economists Inaugural City Lecture, 21 January 2009 The Turner Review: A regulatory response to the global banking crisis, FSA, March 2009, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/turner_review.pdf FSA Annual Report 2008/09, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Annual/ar08_09.shtml Policy Statement 09/11, Banking and compensation reform, FSA, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/policy/ps09_11.pdf FSA Business Plan 2009/10, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Plan/bp2009.shtml Consumer awareness of the FSA and financial regulation, Consumer Research 80, FSA, 2009 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp.200-242 Blair et al, Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, pp. 1-16 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 231-232 FSA, 2005, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/Who/History/index.shtml Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 235-237 THE EU FINANCIAL SERVICES ACTION PLAN: A GUIDE, 31 July 2003, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/fsap_guide.pdf Rider, Abrams and Ashe, Guide to Financial Services Regulation, pp. 1-26 The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation, FSA Occasional Paper Series 1, April 1999, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/occpapers/OP01.pdf The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation, Speech by Adair Turner, The Economists Inaugural City Lecture, 21 January 2009 The Turner Review: A regulatory response to the global banking crisis, FSA, March 2009, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/turner_review.pdf FSA Annual Report 2008/09, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Annual/ar08_09.shtml Policy Statement 09/11, Banking and compensation reform, FSA, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/policy/ps09_11.pdf FSA Business Plan 2009/10, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Plan/bp2009.shtml

Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Change Management

Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Change Management Raama Gabionza Entrepreneurship takes an important role in innovation. It is an agent of change. It involves creating new products, services, technologies, and businesses. It is about economic development and generating wealth for investors. It is also about developing business to address social problems and environmental issues. In the world of health, entrepreneurship also play a vital role. It corresponds with the revolution and changes in the state of health of the population and of the society. Like for an example, our world today suffers from distinct inevitable crisis like epidemiologic incidences and other uncommon situations affecting health of the economy. It is a threat to the population that could shake the health of every individual thus will lead to high rates in morbidity and mortality. Early detection and treatment of these illnesses or diseases are vital ways to decrease its incidences as well as morbidity and mortality rates. Invention and creation of medical treatment and therapi es as well as immunizations could lessen the possibility of acquiring the ailment. These interventions are brought by entrepreneurship which is an agent of change to both private and public health sectors. It provides interventions that are more developed, new, updated and better. It also provides more effective and efficient procedures, surgeries, and any other ways of treating specific threats to health. Entrepreneurship is essential in any situation as it could help in promoting and improving the well-being of the person and of the society as the whole. However, entrepreneurship may not always be successful as what anyone may think of it. There are major criticisms against entrepreneurship within the public and private health and social care sector. One example of this is the fear of change. People are afraid to change as it may be less effective and could lead to failure. They are afraid to loss their expertise and can’t adopt to the change. Like in surgeries, when new type of procedure is introduced, medical practitioners are afraid to change their usual practice into new procedure as it may cause danger and hazard both to the patient and the practitioners themselves. Another criticism against entrepreneurship is the quest for profits. People might think that the only reason why new services are being introduced because entrepreneurs always think about gaining profit. There could be uncertainty of services. People might doubt whether the service is really essential and necessary or not. They might feel that their ignorance are being taken for granted by the entrepreneurs presenting and introducing the new product or services. In addition, consumers may need to be aware that not all entrepreneurs are profit oriented. Entrepreneurs can be classified as either business entrepreneur or social entrepreneur. To clearly understand the difference between the two types of entrepreneurs, Abu-Saifan (2012), identified their unique characteristics. To start with, business entrepreneurs or the so called the profit oriented are characterized as the value creator. They provide value of the commodity or product and services being introduced. While social entrepreneurs or the non-profit, are social value creator. They provide what is beneficial to the society not for the benefit of their pockets. As for being a leader, they are opinion leaders. They consider the opinion of the society before they introduce the new product or services. They are also like the managers. They first look for the problems before they fix. Like for an example in the case of diabetes, they first assess the situation. They look for the cause of pr oblem and focus on repairing them before moving on to the treatment itself. They assess what could be the cause of the problem, may it be the diet of the person or their genetics or other factors. They see the problems first before they put things right. Unlike the business entrepreneur, they will just fix what is needed to be fixed. They often miss to foresee what is really the reason and cause of the problem. This is why they are characterized as the organizer. They just organize things. They are also strategic thinkers that they choose what strategy is best for them not considering the opinion of the population or of the society. They only aim for the best of their profit and interest. They focus on their goals and on what they wanted to reach. They are high achievers. They are the exact opposite of social entrepreneurs. Social entrepreneurs focus on their mission for the change beneficial to the society not for their pocket or to gain profit and interest which business entrepren eurs do. Moreover, in entrepreneurship, there are three strategies presented by Chin Benne, (1969) as general strategies effecting changes in human systems. These strategies could be helpful for the management in choosing who to employ to their organization considering changes as inevitable. This could also be helpful to the organization on how to manage and how to present or introduce changes to its people. The first strategy is the empirical or rational. In this strategy, people can be persuaded to change based on communication of information and by giving and offering them incentives. They have their reasons to comply to change being presented. Successful change is in accordance to logic and reasons that could be beneficial to organization and to the people. The change in this strategy centers on the balance of incentives and risk management. The second strategy is the normative or re-educative. This type of people are those that adhere to cultural norms and values. They normally go with the flow, conforming to what is being practiced, advertised or introduced by the management or by the organization. Redefining the present culture, norms, and values, and making commitments to new ones may initiate people to change. The strategy to encourage these people to change is to consider their culture, beliefs and their ways. People who are normative or re-educative are mostly willing to adapt to change as long as they see that their cultural values are respected and are in favor to the new system or product and services. Third is the power or coercive. In this strategy, the leader or the boss of an organization coerce people to change or to do new things. People are submissive and will do what they are told to do. This type of management is often used when there is a crisis in an organization or institution where change is a must. It could also be used when change should be done as soon as possible or as it is needed. People will usually adhere to change and will just follo w what the leader ought them to do. Furthermore, any type of management strategy may be used by the organization in handling changes. All of those strategies can be helpful in making changes successful but it may also be harmful when it is not properly addressed to the people’s need. Like for an example in the use of power or coercive strategy, it is good to be used in an emergency situations or crisis because according to Chin Benne (1969) it is assumed that people will do what they are told. Like in my own experience working as a health practitioner, there was an instance when our area was affected by typhoon. Some of us who are staying nearby the building of the institution were told by the management to do double shifts at work in order to make up the shifts of other employers who are affected by the typhoon and cannot make it to work. It was an order by the management that we, as an employers are ought to do. Considering the situation and the crisis happening, we have no other choice but to do the double s hifts. It might be shocking to us but we have to do it because it is an emergency and it was the only way that could ease the situation. Another strategy by Chin Benne (1969) is the normative or re-educative wherein people adopt to change when they see that the change conforms to their norms, values and culture. For example, in my home country, most of the people are Roman Catholic. When family planning was introduced in a catholic institution, like the use of contraceptives, not all members of team agree with the change. Roman Catholic are against with contraception. It is important for this people to consider their beliefs specially their religion and culture. In order for the change to be successful, leaders of the institution introducing contraception in the practice of health, addresses the opinions of the members of the team and people. It was agreed to make the change possible by pursuing the use of contraceptives by health education to the people but not forcing every indiv idual to do so or to comply. At least in that way, little by little, the change was made. In change management, there are four segments classified that could be present in an organization or in any group of people. These segments are the campaigners, initiators, opponents, and neutrals. These are important factors that could have direct or indirect effect in the system of change. In order to address properly these expected impact to the system of change, it would be helpful to identify the differences and similarities of these factors and at the same time, it would also help the manager or the leader on how to effectively deal with the different points of view and perspectives of every member of the team. Like for an example the introduction of the use of computer system in the health care facilities instead of the use of older method, paper documentations. People who advertise and advocate the computer system are called the campaigners. They see the new system as beneficial and that they will gain something positive from it. They are enthusiastic about change and they wi ll help to drive the change through. These people facilitate and give support to the trainings and education in order to promote change or the new system. Initiators, are those who would take the first step to change. They can be the creator or the designer. They are the prime movers and the ones who will take action to make the use of computer system possible. They are those who will make the change attainable. In order to initiate change, they educate the team about the computer system being introduced. They also facilitate, support and encourage participation and involvement of the team members to the trainings and teachings in relation to the system of change. On the other hand, some team members might disagree or oppose to the proposed system of change or the use of computer system. They are called as the opponents. They are the antagonists or the activists. They are those who are not convinced for the need of change and don’t see any justification for change. Education, negotiation and sometimes coercion are the effective way to communicate to these group of people. The fourth segment identified in change management is the neutral. Neutrals are the unbiased ones. They belong to neither side of the proposed change. They just go with the flow to change or not to change. It would be helpful communicate to these group of people by setting them what is really the vision of change, why it would be beneficial to change or not to change. They should also be involved to trainings and support groups in order for them to have a clear understanding of the change being introduced and for them to have an individualized decision as a member of the team. References: Abu-Saifan, S. (2012). Social Entrepreneurship: Definition and Boundaries. Technology Innovation Management Review, February 2013:22-27 Barton, J. (1991). Defining Entrepreneurship. Retrieved on 20 February 2015 from file:///C:/Users/raama.gabionza/Downloads/artikkeli_2.pdf Di-Masi, P. (n.d). Defining Entrepreneurship. Retrieved on 22 February 2015 from http://www.gdrc.org/icm/micro/define-micro.html Nickols, F. (2010). Four Change Management Strategies. Retrieved on 26 February 2015 from http://www.nickols.us/four_strategies.pdf Rouse, M. (n.d). Change Management. Retrieved on 25 February 2015 from http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/change-management Rubin, D. (2013). What is Entrepreneurship? Retrieved on 22 February 2015 from http://pinchot.edu/what-is-entrepreneurship/

Skateboarding Photography :: essays research papers

Over the last twenty years the world of skateboarding has changed greatly because of the exposure it has had through media. The originators of this media were skate magazines that highlighted many photographers and their talents. The photographs from twenty years ago were using nothing but a cheap old 35mm and came up with some incredible artistic shots. But those old cameras have been replaced by today’s photographers with the top of line cameras and lenses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The top two magazines in the skateboarding world today are Thrasher and Transworld Skateboarding magazine. Both of these magazines have been around since the early 80’s and have covered every angle of skateboarding that’s possible. Transworld has adopted an annual edition of there magazine for just photographs on every page and no articles. In the 2001 edition many photographers were interviewed and asked about their inspirations and there gear. Ryan Gee, a photographer out of Philadelphia, said â€Å"My first camera was some piece-of-crap Mamiya I found around ’92, today I’m using a Hasselblad 501 CM, and a Canon EOS 1N RS†, most photographers in the skate industry today are using a camera like the Canon 1N for shooting sequences of the more technical skateboard tricks. Some of these photographers also carry around a medium format camera like a Hasselblad for stills because of the great images that format creates. For lenses eve ryone seems to use a 15mm fisheye for those up close in the action shots and a good zoom telephoto for those long view shots. Fisheye shot, by Ryan Gee Telephoto shot, by Ryan Gee   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Photographers like Ryan Gee know that without the photographers from the 80’s they would not be doing what they are doing now. One huge inspiration in the industry would have to Spike Jonze. Jonze started out shooting photos of all the top pros for Transworld Magazine and became their senior photographer around the late 80’s. He then decided to get involved in the business side of skateboarding by starting one of today’s biggest brands, Girl Skateboards. Today many people know him as a music video director and major movie director. He has also been nominated for an Oscar for his direction on â€Å"Being John Malkovich†. But he has always looked back at his skateboarding photography as his biggest influence and achievements. Spike Jonze   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other influences on the industry would be Skin Phillips, Daniel Sturt, and Grant Brittain.

Extinct Animals Research: Woolly Mammoth :: essays research papers fc

Extinct Animals Research: Woolly Mammoth   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We have learned much about the Woolly Mammoth almost more than any other dinosaur that has been identified. Due to the fact that the Woolly Mammoth so closely resembles today's elephants, care for them would most probably require most of the same factors to keep it alive. Since the Woolly Mammoth has been extinct for 4000 years, it is difficult to tell exactly what they lived on, but we can hypothesize.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Woolly Mammoth lived during the Ice Age, so if alive today, it must be kept in a tundra environment. For food, only basic tundra vegetation is necessary. Due to the thick pelt that the Woolly Mammoth has, any known Ice Age temperatures would suffice since the thick fur protects the animal in any extreme temperatures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Large enclosures would not be needed as they would be for a normal elephant since the Woolly Mammoth is only three meters high. The huge tusks would allow it to scavenge for its own food, so no special feedings would be necessary. Feedings would also be needed on a less frequent basis since the Woolly Mammoth, much like today's camels, keeps under its sloping back a thick layer of blubber as nutrition when food was not needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The problem in keeping a creature such as the Woolly Mammoth in a zoo- like surrounding would be poachers. Due to the endangerment of such a magnificent species, poachers of pelts and ivory would most certainly be after it's huge tusks and thick furs, so it would be necessary to post guards around it's cage at all times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A large-scale habitat would be constructed for this creature since, during the period it lived, the Pleistocene, there were no restrictions on the places it could roam to. There was nothing stopping this beast from stomping along to wherever it wanted to go. A Woolly Mammoth might find it peculiar to be stuck in a twenty foot ice field with no predators or other animals whatsoever.

Natural environment Essay

It has been long debated the importance of nature verses nurture. It is hard to prove one from the other since it is shown for them both to play major roles in the development of a child to an adult. I believe that my personality is a combination of both nature and nurture but I think that I am +more nurtured. There are so many behaviors that I have developed from the environment I grew up. I have learnt to respect all people from being influenced at school and by my parents. I have also been trained to be responsible of things such as doing my work. I learnt that if I am not responsible and don’t do my work, then I must pay bad consequences. I have also learnt from experiences that if I do what I am supposed to do, I may be rewarded for good things done. My environment has influenced me in many ways to act upon certain things automatically. Things like looking both ways before crossing the street, or other things that appear to be common sense are learnt from nurture. I have gone through many experiences in which I have learnt different lessons. These lessons have taught me how to act in my life. I know that I am very different person than my mom or my dad. I don’t have very much in common with either of them. Although we do share some of the same aspects, I feel that I am more different from them than alike. I have developed the majority of my social skills from my friends and not my parents. Most of my social life revolves around my friends, who have influenced me a lot of the decisions I make and in the way I act. I don’t socialize with my parents nearly as much as I do with my peers. I don’t think I know my parents well enough to say if I am like them when they are around their friends or not. The nature and nurture of a person can vary greatly. Sometimes there are certain things that are hard to decide whether they are inherited or learnt. I might share some qualities with my parents, but they could just be characteristics that I learnt in my life that my parents also learnt in their lives too and were not inherited. I believe that genes indicate the potential for one’s behavior and personality, and that the environment helps create the extent as to how that behavior is carried out.

Cookie Clicker Cheats Userscript Essay

// ==UserScript== // @name Cookie Clicker Cheats // @namespace http://userscripts.org/users/zackton // @description Enable/Disable different cheats/hacks for Cookie Clicker // @include http://orteil.dashnet.org/cookieclicker/ // @include orteil.dashnet.org/cookieclicker/ // @updateURL http://userscripts.org/scripts/source/176985.meta.js // @require http://userscripts.org/scripts/source/187400.user.js // @require http://userscripts.org/scripts/source/276064.user.js // @icon http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20130827014914/cookieclicker/images/5/5a/PerfectCookie.png // @grant none // @run-at document-end // @version 1.7 // ==/UserScript== // Main wait loop setTimeout(doSomething, 1000); function doSomething() { var element = document.getElementById(‘particle0’); if (typeof (element) != ‘undefined’ && element != null) { //Game particles have loaded, FIRE AWAY! (function () { var options = { panelId: ‘cookie-cheater’, intervalDelay: 1, longDelay: 250, buttons: { ‘bigCookie’: { label: ‘Autoclick Big Cookie’, action: function () { toggleAutoAction(‘bigCookie’, function () { Game.ClickCookie(); }) } }, ‘spawnGoldenCookie’: { label: ‘Spawn a Golden Cookie’, action: function () { Game.goldenCookie.life = 0; Game.goldenCookie.time = Game.goldenCookie.minTime; Game.goldenCookie.spawn(); } }, ‘autoGoldenCookie’: { label: ‘Autospawnclick GCs’, action: function () { toggleAutoAction(‘autoGoldenCookie’, function () { if (Game.frenzy 0) { Game.goldenCookie.last = â€Å"blood frenzy† } else { Game.goldenCookie.last = â€Å"frenzy† } Game.frenzy = 1 } if (Game.frenzy > 0) { Game.goldenCookie.toDie = 1 } if (Game.goldenCookie.life >= 0 && (Game.frenzy 0)) { Game.goldenCookie.click(); } }) } }, ‘autoBuyUpgrades’: { label: ‘Autobuy Upgrades’, action: function () { toggleAutoAction(‘autoBuyUpgrades’, function () { buyUpgrades(); }) } }, ‘fuckThemWrinklers’: { label: ‘Slaughter Wrinklers’, action: function () { toggleAutoAction(‘fuckThemWrinklers’, function () { setTimeout(function() { for (var i in Game.wrinklers) { var me=Game.wrinklers[i]; if (me.phase==2) { me.hurt=1; me.hp–; var x=me.x+(Math.sin(me.r*Math.PI/180)*100); var y=me.y+(Math.cos(me.r*Math.PI/180)*100); for (var ii=0;ii 0) {Game.seasonPopup.click()}},Math.floor(((Math.random()*7)+3)*2500)); }) } }, } }; addStyleSheet(); addPanel(); for (var name in options.buttons) { if (!options.buttons[name]) { return; } addButton(name, options.buttons[name].label, options.buttons[name].action); } function buyUpgrades() { for (var i = 0; i < Game.UpgradesById.length; i++) { if ((i > 63 && i < 75) || i === 79 || (i > 82 && i < 86) || i === 91 || i === 124 || (i > 140 && i < 143) || i === 167 || (i > 181 && i < 186)) { continue; } else { if (Game.UpgradesById[i].unlocked === 1) { if(Game.cookies >= Game.UpgradesById[i].basePrice) { Game.UpgradesById[i].buy(); } } } } } //Lets bind some keys!!! //Buys one of specified building Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+1’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 11].buy(); }); //Cursor Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+2’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 10].buy(); }); //Grandma Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+3’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 9].buy(); }); //Farm Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+4’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 8].buy(); }); //Factory Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+5’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 7].buy(); }); //Mine Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+6’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 6].buy(); }); //Shipment Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+7’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 5].buy(); }); //Alchemy Lab Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+8’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 4].buy(); }); //Portal Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+9’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 3].buy(); }); //Time Machine Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+0’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 2].buy(); }); //Antimatter Condenser Mousetrap.bind(‘shift+-‘, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 1].buy(); }); //Prism //Sells one of specified building Mousetrap.bind(‘option+1’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 11].sell(); }); //Cursor Mousetrap.bind(‘option+2’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 10].sell(); }); //Grandma Mousetrap.bind(‘option+3’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 9].sell(); }); //Farm Mousetrap.bind(‘option+4’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 8].sell(); }); //Factory Mousetrap.bind(‘option+5’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 7].sell(); }); //Mine Mousetrap.bind(‘option+6’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 6].sell(); }); //Shipment Mousetrap.bind(‘option+7’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 5].sell(); }); //Alchemy Lab Mousetrap.bind(‘option+8’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 4].sell(); }); //Portal Mousetrap.bind(‘option+9’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 3].sell(); }); //Time Machine Mousetrap.bind(‘option+0’, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 2].sell(); }); //Antimatter Condenser Mousetrap.bind(‘option+-‘, function() { Game.ObjectsById[Game.ObjectsById.length – 1].sell(); }); //Prism // Awesome textParticle mod, mostly for execution of â€Å"Cookie Clicker Cheats v.X.X launched!† message. Game.textParticlesAdd = function (text, el) { //pick the first free (or the oldest) particle to replace it var highest = 0; var highestI = 0; for (var i in Game.textParticles) { if (Game.textParticles[i].life == -1) { highestI = i; break; } if (Game.textParticles[i].life > highest) { highest = Game.textParticles[i].life; highestI = i; } } var i = highestI; var x = (Math.random() – 0.5) * 40; var y = 0; //+(Math.random()-0.5)*40; if (!el) { var rect = l(‘game’).getBoundingClientRect(); var x = Math.floor((rect.left + rect.right) / 2); var y = Math.floor(((rect.bottom)) – 60); x += (Math.random() – 0.5) * 40; y += 0; //(Math.random()-0.5)*40; } var me = Game.textParticles[i]; if (!me.l) me.l = l(‘particle’ + i); me.life = 0; me.x = x; me.y = y – Game.textParticlesY; if (me.y < 60) { for (var j = 0; j